diff --git a/packages/core/controls.mjs b/packages/core/controls.mjs
index 5f38d393..ff5da74d 100644
--- a/packages/core/controls.mjs
+++ b/packages/core/controls.mjs
@@ -5,20 +5,24 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 */
 
 import { Pattern, sequence } from './pattern.mjs';
+import { zipWith } from './util.mjs';
 
 const controls = {};
 const generic_params = [
   /**
-   * Select a sound / sample by name.
+   * Select a sound / sample by name. When using mininotation, you can also optionally supply 'n' and 'gain' parameters
+   * separated by ':'.
    *
    * @name s
    * @param {string | Pattern} sound The sound / pattern of sounds to pick
    * @synonyms sound
    * @example
    * s("bd hh")
+   * @example
+   * s("bd:0 bd:1 bd:0:0.3 bd:1:1.4")
    *
    */
-  ['s', 'sound'],
+  [['s', 'n', 'gain'], 'sound'],
   /**
    * Selects the given index from the sample map.
    * Numbers too high will wrap around.
@@ -50,7 +54,7 @@ const generic_params = [
    * @example
    * note("60 69 65 64")
    */
-  ['note'],
+  [['note', 'n']],
 
   /**
    * A pattern of numbers that speed up (or slow down) samples while they play. Currently only supported by osc / superdirt.
@@ -143,21 +147,20 @@ const generic_params = [
   ['hold'],
   // TODO: in tidal, it seems to be normalized
   /**
-   * Sets the center frequency of the **b**and-**p**ass **f**ilter.
+   * Sets the center frequency of the **b**and-**p**ass **f**ilter. When using mininotation, you
+   * can also optionally supply the 'bpq' parameter separated by ':'.
    *
    * @name bpf
    * @param {number | Pattern} frequency center frequency
-   * @synonyms bandf
+   * @synonyms bandf, bp
    * @example
    * s("bd sd,hh*3").bpf("<1000 2000 4000 8000>")
    *
    */
-  // currently an alias of 'bandf' https://github.com/tidalcycles/strudel/issues/496
-  // ['bpf'],
-  ['bandf', 'bpf'],
+  [['bandf', 'bandq'], 'bpf', 'bp'],
   // TODO: in tidal, it seems to be normalized
   /**
-   * Sets the **b**and-**p**ass **q**-factor (resonance)
+   * Sets the **b**and-**p**ass **q**-factor (resonance).
    *
    * @name bpq
    * @param {number | Pattern} q q factor
@@ -258,27 +261,35 @@ const generic_params = [
   /**
    * Applies the cutoff frequency of the **l**ow-**p**ass **f**ilter.
    *
+   * When using mininotation, you can also optionally add the 'lpq' parameter, separated by ':'.
+   *
    * @name lpf
    * @param {number | Pattern} frequency audible between 0 and 20000
-   * @synonyms cutoff, ctf
+   * @synonyms cutoff, ctf, lp
    * @example
    * s("bd sd,hh*3").lpf("<4000 2000 1000 500 200 100>")
+   * @example
+   * s("bd*8").lpf("1000:0 1000:10 1000:20 1000:30")
    *
    */
-  ['cutoff', 'ctf', 'lpf'],
+  [['cutoff', 'resonance'], 'ctf', 'lpf', 'lp'],
   /**
    * Applies the cutoff frequency of the **h**igh-**p**ass **f**ilter.
    *
+   * When using mininotation, you can also optionally add the 'hpq' parameter, separated by ':'.
+   *
    * @name hpf
    * @param {number | Pattern} frequency audible between 0 and 20000
-   * @synonyms hcutoff
+   * @synonyms hp, hcutoff
    * @example
    * s("bd sd,hh*4").hpf("<4000 2000 1000 500 200 100>")
+   * @example
+   * s("bd sd,hh*4").hpf("<2000 2000:25>")
    *
    */
   // currently an alias of 'hcutoff' https://github.com/tidalcycles/strudel/issues/496
   // ['hpf'],
-  ['hcutoff', 'hpf'],
+  [['hcutoff', 'hresonance'], 'hpf', 'hp'],
   /**
    * Controls the **h**igh-**p**ass **q**-value.
    *
@@ -317,13 +328,19 @@ const generic_params = [
   /**
    * Sets the level of the delay signal.
    *
+   * When using mininotation, you can also optionally add the 'delaytime' and 'delayfeedback' parameter,
+   * separated by ':'.
+   *
+   *
    * @name delay
    * @param {number | Pattern} level between 0 and 1
    * @example
    * s("bd").delay("<0 .25 .5 1>")
+   * @example
+   * s("bd bd").delay("0.65:0.25:0.9 0.65:0.125:0.7")
    *
    */
-  ['delay'],
+  [['delay', 'delaytime', 'delayfeedback']],
   /**
    * Sets the level of the signal that is fed back into the delay.
    * Caution: Values >= 1 will result in a signal that gets louder and louder! Don't do it
@@ -549,13 +566,17 @@ const generic_params = [
   /**
    * Sets the level of reverb.
    *
+   * When using mininotation, you can also optionally add the 'size' parameter, separated by ':'.
+   *
    * @name room
    * @param {number | Pattern} level between 0 and 1
    * @example
    * s("bd sd").room("<0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1>")
+   * @example
+   * s("bd sd").room("<0.9:1 0.9:4>")
    *
    */
-  ['room'],
+  [['room', 'size']],
   /**
    * Sets the room size of the reverb, see {@link room}.
    *
@@ -733,32 +754,50 @@ const generic_params = [
 
 // TODO: slice / splice https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKhPdO0RKDQ&list=PL2lW1zNIIwj3bDkh-Y3LUGDuRcoUigoDs&index=13
 
-const _name = (name, ...pats) => sequence(...pats).withValue((x) => ({ [name]: x }));
+controls.createParam = function (names) {
+  const name = Array.isArray(names) ? names[0] : names;
 
-const _setter = (func, name) =>
-  function (...pats) {
+  var withVal;
+  if (Array.isArray(names)) {
+    withVal = (xs) => {
+      if (Array.isArray(xs)) {
+        const result = {};
+        xs.forEach((x, i) => {
+          if (i < names.length) {
+            result[names[i]] = x;
+          }
+        });
+        return result;
+      } else {
+        return { [name]: xs };
+      }
+    };
+  } else {
+    withVal = (x) => ({ [name]: x });
+  }
+
+  const func = (...pats) => sequence(...pats).withValue(withVal);
+
+  const setter = function (...pats) {
     if (!pats.length) {
-      return this.fmap((value) => ({ [name]: value }));
+      return this.fmap(withVal);
     }
     return this.set(func(...pats));
   };
+  Pattern.prototype[name] = setter;
+  return func;
+};
+
+generic_params.forEach(([names, ...aliases]) => {
+  const name = Array.isArray(names) ? names[0] : names;
+  controls[name] = controls.createParam(names);
 
-generic_params.forEach(([name, ...aliases]) => {
-  controls[name] = (...pats) => _name(name, ...pats);
-  Pattern.prototype[name] = _setter(controls[name], name);
   aliases.forEach((alias) => {
     controls[alias] = controls[name];
     Pattern.prototype[alias] = Pattern.prototype[name];
   });
 });
 
-// create custom param
-controls.createParam = (name) => {
-  const func = (...pats) => _name(name, ...pats);
-  Pattern.prototype[name] = _setter(func, name);
-  return (...pats) => _name(name, ...pats);
-};
-
 controls.createParams = (...names) =>
   names.reduce((acc, name) => Object.assign(acc, { [name]: controls.createParam(name) }), {});
 
diff --git a/packages/core/test/controls.test.mjs b/packages/core/test/controls.test.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..49aa6a4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/core/test/controls.test.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+controls.test.mjs - <short description TODO>
+Copyright (C) 2023 Strudel contributors - see <https://github.com/tidalcycles/strudel/blob/main/packages/core/test/controls.test.mjs>
+This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+import controls from '../controls.mjs';
+import { mini } from '../../mini/mini.mjs';
+import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+
+describe('controls', () => {
+  it('should support controls', () => {
+    expect(controls.s('bd').firstCycleValues).toEqual([{ s: 'bd' }]);
+  });
+  it('should support compound controls', () => {
+    expect(controls.s(mini('bd:3')).firstCycleValues).toEqual([{ s: 'bd', n: 3 }]);
+    expect(controls.s(mini('bd:3 sd:4:1.4')).firstCycleValues).toEqual([
+      { s: 'bd', n: 3 },
+      { s: 'sd', n: 4, gain: 1.4 },
+    ]);
+  });
+  it('should support ignore extra elements in compound controls', () => {
+    expect(controls.s(mini('bd:3:0.4 sd:4:0.5:3:17')).firstCycleValues).toEqual([
+      { s: 'bd', n: 3, gain: 0.4 },
+      { s: 'sd', n: 4, gain: 0.5 },
+    ]);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/packages/mini/krill-parser.js b/packages/mini/krill-parser.js
index e37a3d05..34e3843c 100644
--- a/packages/mini/krill-parser.js
+++ b/packages/mini/krill-parser.js
@@ -182,21 +182,21 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
   var peg$c8 = "#";
   var peg$c9 = "^";
   var peg$c10 = "_";
-  var peg$c11 = ":";
-  var peg$c12 = "[";
-  var peg$c13 = "]";
-  var peg$c14 = "{";
-  var peg$c15 = "}";
-  var peg$c16 = "%";
-  var peg$c17 = "<";
-  var peg$c18 = ">";
-  var peg$c19 = "@";
-  var peg$c20 = "!";
-  var peg$c21 = "(";
-  var peg$c22 = ")";
-  var peg$c23 = "/";
-  var peg$c24 = "*";
-  var peg$c25 = "?";
+  var peg$c11 = "[";
+  var peg$c12 = "]";
+  var peg$c13 = "{";
+  var peg$c14 = "}";
+  var peg$c15 = "%";
+  var peg$c16 = "<";
+  var peg$c17 = ">";
+  var peg$c18 = "@";
+  var peg$c19 = "!";
+  var peg$c20 = "(";
+  var peg$c21 = ")";
+  var peg$c22 = "/";
+  var peg$c23 = "*";
+  var peg$c24 = "?";
+  var peg$c25 = ":";
   var peg$c26 = "struct";
   var peg$c27 = "target";
   var peg$c28 = "euclid";
@@ -237,21 +237,21 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
   var peg$e15 = peg$literalExpectation("#", false);
   var peg$e16 = peg$literalExpectation("^", false);
   var peg$e17 = peg$literalExpectation("_", false);
-  var peg$e18 = peg$literalExpectation(":", false);
-  var peg$e19 = peg$literalExpectation("[", false);
-  var peg$e20 = peg$literalExpectation("]", false);
-  var peg$e21 = peg$literalExpectation("{", false);
-  var peg$e22 = peg$literalExpectation("}", false);
-  var peg$e23 = peg$literalExpectation("%", false);
-  var peg$e24 = peg$literalExpectation("<", false);
-  var peg$e25 = peg$literalExpectation(">", false);
-  var peg$e26 = peg$literalExpectation("@", false);
-  var peg$e27 = peg$literalExpectation("!", false);
-  var peg$e28 = peg$literalExpectation("(", false);
-  var peg$e29 = peg$literalExpectation(")", false);
-  var peg$e30 = peg$literalExpectation("/", false);
-  var peg$e31 = peg$literalExpectation("*", false);
-  var peg$e32 = peg$literalExpectation("?", false);
+  var peg$e18 = peg$literalExpectation("[", false);
+  var peg$e19 = peg$literalExpectation("]", false);
+  var peg$e20 = peg$literalExpectation("{", false);
+  var peg$e21 = peg$literalExpectation("}", false);
+  var peg$e22 = peg$literalExpectation("%", false);
+  var peg$e23 = peg$literalExpectation("<", false);
+  var peg$e24 = peg$literalExpectation(">", false);
+  var peg$e25 = peg$literalExpectation("@", false);
+  var peg$e26 = peg$literalExpectation("!", false);
+  var peg$e27 = peg$literalExpectation("(", false);
+  var peg$e28 = peg$literalExpectation(")", false);
+  var peg$e29 = peg$literalExpectation("/", false);
+  var peg$e30 = peg$literalExpectation("*", false);
+  var peg$e31 = peg$literalExpectation("?", false);
+  var peg$e32 = peg$literalExpectation(":", false);
   var peg$e33 = peg$literalExpectation("struct", false);
   var peg$e34 = peg$literalExpectation("target", false);
   var peg$e35 = peg$literalExpectation("euclid", false);
@@ -280,35 +280,36 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
   var peg$f9 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "stretch", arguments_ :{ amount:a, type: 'slow' }}) };
   var peg$f10 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "stretch", arguments_ :{ amount:a, type: 'fast' }}) };
   var peg$f11 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "degradeBy", arguments_ :{ amount:a } }) };
-  var peg$f12 = function(s, ops) { const result = new ElementStub(s, {ops: [], weight: 1, reps: 1});
+  var peg$f12 = function(s) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "tail", arguments_ :{ element:s } }) };
+  var peg$f13 = function(s, ops) { const result = new ElementStub(s, {ops: [], weight: 1, reps: 1});
     for (const op of ops) {
       op(result);
     }
     return result;
   };
-  var peg$f13 = function(s) { return new PatternStub(s, 'fastcat'); };
-  var peg$f14 = function(tail) { return { alignment: 'stack', list: tail }; };
-  var peg$f15 = function(tail) { return { alignment: 'rand', list: tail }; };
-  var peg$f16 = function(head, tail) { if (tail && tail.list.length > 0) { return new PatternStub([head, ...tail.list], tail.alignment); } else { return head; } };
-  var peg$f17 = function(head, tail) { return new PatternStub(tail ? [head, ...tail.list] : [head], 'polymeter'); };
-  var peg$f18 = function(sc) { return sc; };
-  var peg$f19 = function(s) { return { name: "struct", args: { mini:s }}};
-  var peg$f20 = function(s) { return { name: "target", args : { name:s}}};
-  var peg$f21 = function(p, s, r) { return { name: "bjorklund", args :{ pulse: p, step:parseInt(s) }}};
-  var peg$f22 = function(a) { return { name: "stretch", args :{ amount: a}}};
-  var peg$f23 = function(a) { return { name: "shift", args :{ amount: "-"+a}}};
-  var peg$f24 = function(a) { return { name: "shift", args :{ amount: a}}};
-  var peg$f25 = function(a) { return { name: "stretch", args :{ amount: "1/"+a}}};
-  var peg$f26 = function(s) { return { name: "scale", args :{ scale: s.join("")}}};
-  var peg$f27 = function(s, v) { return v};
-  var peg$f28 = function(s, ss) { ss.unshift(s); return new PatternStub(ss, 'slowcat'); };
-  var peg$f29 = function(sg) {return sg};
-  var peg$f30 = function(o, soc) { return new OperatorStub(o.name,o.args,soc)};
-  var peg$f31 = function(sc) { return sc };
-  var peg$f32 = function(c) { return c };
-  var peg$f33 = function(v) { return new CommandStub("setcps", { value: v})};
-  var peg$f34 = function(v) { return new CommandStub("setcps", { value: (v/120/2)})};
-  var peg$f35 = function() { return new CommandStub("hush")};
+  var peg$f14 = function(s) { return new PatternStub(s, 'fastcat'); };
+  var peg$f15 = function(tail) { return { alignment: 'stack', list: tail }; };
+  var peg$f16 = function(tail) { return { alignment: 'rand', list: tail }; };
+  var peg$f17 = function(head, tail) { if (tail && tail.list.length > 0) { return new PatternStub([head, ...tail.list], tail.alignment); } else { return head; } };
+  var peg$f18 = function(head, tail) { return new PatternStub(tail ? [head, ...tail.list] : [head], 'polymeter'); };
+  var peg$f19 = function(sc) { return sc; };
+  var peg$f20 = function(s) { return { name: "struct", args: { mini:s }}};
+  var peg$f21 = function(s) { return { name: "target", args : { name:s}}};
+  var peg$f22 = function(p, s, r) { return { name: "bjorklund", args :{ pulse: p, step:parseInt(s) }}};
+  var peg$f23 = function(a) { return { name: "stretch", args :{ amount: a}}};
+  var peg$f24 = function(a) { return { name: "shift", args :{ amount: "-"+a}}};
+  var peg$f25 = function(a) { return { name: "shift", args :{ amount: a}}};
+  var peg$f26 = function(a) { return { name: "stretch", args :{ amount: "1/"+a}}};
+  var peg$f27 = function(s) { return { name: "scale", args :{ scale: s.join("")}}};
+  var peg$f28 = function(s, v) { return v};
+  var peg$f29 = function(s, ss) { ss.unshift(s); return new PatternStub(ss, 'slowcat'); };
+  var peg$f30 = function(sg) {return sg};
+  var peg$f31 = function(o, soc) { return new OperatorStub(o.name,o.args,soc)};
+  var peg$f32 = function(sc) { return sc };
+  var peg$f33 = function(c) { return c };
+  var peg$f34 = function(v) { return new CommandStub("setcps", { value: v})};
+  var peg$f35 = function(v) { return new CommandStub("setcps", { value: (v/120/2)})};
+  var peg$f36 = function() { return new CommandStub("hush")};
   var peg$currPos = 0;
   var peg$savedPos = 0;
   var peg$posDetailsCache = [{ line: 1, column: 1 }];
@@ -848,15 +849,6 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
                 s0 = peg$FAILED;
                 if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e17); }
               }
-              if (s0 === peg$FAILED) {
-                if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 58) {
-                  s0 = peg$c11;
-                  peg$currPos++;
-                } else {
-                  s0 = peg$FAILED;
-                  if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e18); }
-                }
-              }
             }
           }
         }
@@ -899,11 +891,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     s1 = peg$parsews();
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 91) {
-      s2 = peg$c12;
+      s2 = peg$c11;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s2 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e19); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e18); }
     }
     if (s2 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s3 = peg$parsews();
@@ -911,11 +903,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       if (s4 !== peg$FAILED) {
         s5 = peg$parsews();
         if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 93) {
-          s6 = peg$c13;
+          s6 = peg$c12;
           peg$currPos++;
         } else {
           s6 = peg$FAILED;
-          if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e20); }
+          if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e19); }
         }
         if (s6 !== peg$FAILED) {
           s7 = peg$parsews();
@@ -943,11 +935,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     s1 = peg$parsews();
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 123) {
-      s2 = peg$c14;
+      s2 = peg$c13;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s2 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e21); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e20); }
     }
     if (s2 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s3 = peg$parsews();
@@ -955,11 +947,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       if (s4 !== peg$FAILED) {
         s5 = peg$parsews();
         if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 125) {
-          s6 = peg$c15;
+          s6 = peg$c14;
           peg$currPos++;
         } else {
           s6 = peg$FAILED;
-          if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e22); }
+          if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e21); }
         }
         if (s6 !== peg$FAILED) {
           s7 = peg$parsepolymeter_steps();
@@ -990,11 +982,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 37) {
-      s1 = peg$c16;
+      s1 = peg$c15;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e23); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e22); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parseslice();
@@ -1019,11 +1011,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     s1 = peg$parsews();
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 60) {
-      s2 = peg$c17;
+      s2 = peg$c16;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s2 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e24); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e23); }
     }
     if (s2 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s3 = peg$parsews();
@@ -1031,11 +1023,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       if (s4 !== peg$FAILED) {
         s5 = peg$parsews();
         if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 62) {
-          s6 = peg$c18;
+          s6 = peg$c17;
           peg$currPos++;
         } else {
           s6 = peg$FAILED;
-          if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e25); }
+          if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e24); }
         }
         if (s6 !== peg$FAILED) {
           s7 = peg$parsews();
@@ -1088,6 +1080,9 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
             s0 = peg$parseop_replicate();
             if (s0 === peg$FAILED) {
               s0 = peg$parseop_degrade();
+              if (s0 === peg$FAILED) {
+                s0 = peg$parseop_tail();
+              }
             }
           }
         }
@@ -1102,11 +1097,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 64) {
-      s1 = peg$c19;
+      s1 = peg$c18;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e26); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e25); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parsenumber();
@@ -1130,11 +1125,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 33) {
-      s1 = peg$c20;
+      s1 = peg$c19;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e27); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e26); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parsenumber();
@@ -1158,11 +1153,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 40) {
-      s1 = peg$c21;
+      s1 = peg$c20;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e28); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e27); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parsews();
@@ -1186,11 +1181,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
             }
             s12 = peg$parsews();
             if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 41) {
-              s13 = peg$c22;
+              s13 = peg$c21;
               peg$currPos++;
             } else {
               s13 = peg$FAILED;
-              if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e29); }
+              if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e28); }
             }
             if (s13 !== peg$FAILED) {
               peg$savedPos = s0;
@@ -1224,11 +1219,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 47) {
-      s1 = peg$c23;
+      s1 = peg$c22;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e30); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e29); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parseslice();
@@ -1252,11 +1247,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 42) {
-      s1 = peg$c24;
+      s1 = peg$c23;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e31); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e30); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parseslice();
@@ -1280,11 +1275,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
 
     s0 = peg$currPos;
     if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 63) {
-      s1 = peg$c25;
+      s1 = peg$c24;
       peg$currPos++;
     } else {
       s1 = peg$FAILED;
-      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e32); }
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e31); }
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parsenumber();
@@ -1301,6 +1296,34 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     return s0;
   }
 
+  function peg$parseop_tail() {
+    var s0, s1, s2;
+
+    s0 = peg$currPos;
+    if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 58) {
+      s1 = peg$c25;
+      peg$currPos++;
+    } else {
+      s1 = peg$FAILED;
+      if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e32); }
+    }
+    if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
+      s2 = peg$parseslice();
+      if (s2 !== peg$FAILED) {
+        peg$savedPos = s0;
+        s0 = peg$f12(s2);
+      } else {
+        peg$currPos = s0;
+        s0 = peg$FAILED;
+      }
+    } else {
+      peg$currPos = s0;
+      s0 = peg$FAILED;
+    }
+
+    return s0;
+  }
+
   function peg$parseslice_with_ops() {
     var s0, s1, s2, s3;
 
@@ -1314,7 +1337,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
         s3 = peg$parseslice_op();
       }
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s0 = peg$f12(s1, s2);
+      s0 = peg$f13(s1, s2);
     } else {
       peg$currPos = s0;
       s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1339,7 +1362,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s1 = peg$f13(s1);
+      s1 = peg$f14(s1);
     }
     s0 = s1;
 
@@ -1388,7 +1411,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s1 = peg$f14(s1);
+      s1 = peg$f15(s1);
     }
     s0 = s1;
 
@@ -1437,7 +1460,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s1 = peg$f15(s1);
+      s1 = peg$f16(s1);
     }
     s0 = s1;
 
@@ -1458,7 +1481,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
         s2 = null;
       }
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s0 = peg$f16(s1, s2);
+      s0 = peg$f17(s1, s2);
     } else {
       peg$currPos = s0;
       s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1478,7 +1501,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
         s2 = null;
       }
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s0 = peg$f17(s1, s2);
+      s0 = peg$f18(s1, s2);
     } else {
       peg$currPos = s0;
       s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1499,7 +1522,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
         s4 = peg$parsequote();
         if (s4 !== peg$FAILED) {
           peg$savedPos = s0;
-          s0 = peg$f18(s3);
+          s0 = peg$f19(s3);
         } else {
           peg$currPos = s0;
           s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1561,7 +1584,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsemini_or_operator();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f19(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f20(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1594,7 +1617,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
           s5 = peg$parsequote();
           if (s5 !== peg$FAILED) {
             peg$savedPos = s0;
-            s0 = peg$f20(s4);
+            s0 = peg$f21(s4);
           } else {
             peg$currPos = s0;
             s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1639,7 +1662,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
             s7 = null;
           }
           peg$savedPos = s0;
-          s0 = peg$f21(s3, s5, s7);
+          s0 = peg$f22(s3, s5, s7);
         } else {
           peg$currPos = s0;
           s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1672,7 +1695,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsenumber();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f22(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f23(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1701,7 +1724,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsenumber();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f23(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f24(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1730,7 +1753,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsenumber();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f24(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f25(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1759,7 +1782,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsenumber();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f25(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f26(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1801,7 +1824,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
           s5 = peg$parsequote();
           if (s5 !== peg$FAILED) {
             peg$savedPos = s0;
-            s0 = peg$f26(s4);
+            s0 = peg$f27(s4);
           } else {
             peg$currPos = s0;
             s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1876,11 +1899,11 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s2 = peg$parsews();
       if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 91) {
-        s3 = peg$c12;
+        s3 = peg$c11;
         peg$currPos++;
       } else {
         s3 = peg$FAILED;
-        if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e19); }
+        if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e18); }
       }
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         s4 = peg$parsews();
@@ -1893,7 +1916,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
             s9 = peg$parsemini_or_operator();
             if (s9 !== peg$FAILED) {
               peg$savedPos = s7;
-              s7 = peg$f27(s5, s9);
+              s7 = peg$f28(s5, s9);
             } else {
               peg$currPos = s7;
               s7 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1910,7 +1933,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
               s9 = peg$parsemini_or_operator();
               if (s9 !== peg$FAILED) {
                 peg$savedPos = s7;
-                s7 = peg$f27(s5, s9);
+                s7 = peg$f28(s5, s9);
               } else {
                 peg$currPos = s7;
                 s7 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1922,15 +1945,15 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
           }
           s7 = peg$parsews();
           if (input.charCodeAt(peg$currPos) === 93) {
-            s8 = peg$c13;
+            s8 = peg$c12;
             peg$currPos++;
           } else {
             s8 = peg$FAILED;
-            if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e20); }
+            if (peg$silentFails === 0) { peg$fail(peg$e19); }
           }
           if (s8 !== peg$FAILED) {
             peg$savedPos = s0;
-            s0 = peg$f28(s5, s6);
+            s0 = peg$f29(s5, s6);
           } else {
             peg$currPos = s0;
             s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1976,7 +1999,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
         s4 = peg$parsecomment();
       }
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s0 = peg$f29(s1);
+      s0 = peg$f30(s1);
     } else {
       peg$currPos = s0;
       s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -1998,7 +2021,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
           s5 = peg$parsemini_or_operator();
           if (s5 !== peg$FAILED) {
             peg$savedPos = s0;
-            s0 = peg$f30(s1, s5);
+            s0 = peg$f31(s1, s5);
           } else {
             peg$currPos = s0;
             s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -2023,7 +2046,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     s1 = peg$parsemini_or_operator();
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s1 = peg$f31(s1);
+      s1 = peg$f32(s1);
     }
     s0 = s1;
     if (s0 === peg$FAILED) {
@@ -2056,7 +2079,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     if (s2 !== peg$FAILED) {
       s3 = peg$parsews();
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s0 = peg$f32(s2);
+      s0 = peg$f33(s2);
     } else {
       peg$currPos = s0;
       s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -2081,7 +2104,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsenumber();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f33(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f34(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -2110,7 +2133,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
       s3 = peg$parsenumber();
       if (s3 !== peg$FAILED) {
         peg$savedPos = s0;
-        s0 = peg$f34(s3);
+        s0 = peg$f35(s3);
       } else {
         peg$currPos = s0;
         s0 = peg$FAILED;
@@ -2136,7 +2159,7 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
     }
     if (s1 !== peg$FAILED) {
       peg$savedPos = s0;
-      s1 = peg$f35();
+      s1 = peg$f36();
     }
     s0 = s1;
 
diff --git a/packages/mini/krill.pegjs b/packages/mini/krill.pegjs
index 12047f8f..f4fd7772 100644
--- a/packages/mini/krill.pegjs
+++ b/packages/mini/krill.pegjs
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ quote = '"' / "'"
 // ------------------ steps and cycles ---------------------------
 
 // single step definition (e.g bd)
-step_char =  [0-9a-zA-Z~] / "-" / "#" / "." / "^" / "_" / ":"
+step_char =  [0-9a-zA-Z~] / "-" / "#" / "." / "^" / "_"
 step = ws chars:step_char+ ws { return new AtomStub(chars.join("")) }
 
 // define a sub cycle e.g. [1 2, 3 [4]]
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ slice = step / sub_cycle / polymeter / slow_sequence
 
 // slice modifier affects the timing/size of a slice (e.g. [a b c]@3)
 // at this point, we assume we can represent them as regular sequence operators
-slice_op = op_weight / op_bjorklund / op_slow / op_fast / op_replicate / op_degrade
+slice_op = op_weight / op_bjorklund / op_slow / op_fast / op_replicate / op_degrade / op_tail
 
 op_weight =  "@" a:number
   { return x => x.options_['weight'] = a }
@@ -139,6 +139,9 @@ op_fast = "*"a:slice
 op_degrade = "?"a:number?
   { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "degradeBy", arguments_ :{ amount:a } }) }
 
+op_tail = ":" s:slice
+  { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "tail", arguments_ :{ element:s } }) }
+
 // a slice with an modifier applied i.e [bd@4 sd@3]@2 hh]
 slice_with_ops = s:slice ops:slice_op*
   { const result = new ElementStub(s, {ops: [], weight: 1, reps: 1});
diff --git a/packages/mini/mini.mjs b/packages/mini/mini.mjs
index a78451f2..af6549cf 100644
--- a/packages/mini/mini.mjs
+++ b/packages/mini/mini.mjs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ const applyOptions = (parent, code) => (pat, i) => {
   const ast = parent.source_[i];
   const options = ast.options_;
   const ops = options?.ops;
+
   if (ops) {
     for (const op of ops) {
       switch (op.type_) {
@@ -66,6 +67,11 @@ const applyOptions = (parent, code) => (pat, i) => {
           pat = strudel.reify(pat).degradeBy(op.arguments_.amount === null ? 0.5 : op.arguments_.amount);
           break;
         }
+        case 'tail': {
+          const friend = patternifyAST(op.arguments_.element, code);
+          pat = pat.fmap((a) => (b) => Array.isArray(a) ? [...a, b] : [a, b]).appLeft(friend);
+          break;
+        }
         default: {
           console.warn(`operator "${op.type_}" not implemented`);
         }
diff --git a/packages/mini/test/mini.test.mjs b/packages/mini/test/mini.test.mjs
index e5d6b4f0..1e18dd58 100644
--- a/packages/mini/test/mini.test.mjs
+++ b/packages/mini/test/mini.test.mjs
@@ -140,6 +140,9 @@ describe('mini', () => {
     expect(haps.length < 230).toBe(true);
     // 'Had too many cycles remaining after degradeBy 0.8');
   });
+  it('supports lists', () => {
+    expect(minV('a:b c:d:[e:f] g')).toEqual([['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd', ['e', 'f']], 'g']);
+  });
   /*it('supports the random choice operator ("|") with nesting', () => {
     const numCycles = 900;
     const haps = mini('a | [b | c] | [d | e | f]').queryArc(0, numCycles);
diff --git a/packages/tonal/test/tonal.test.mjs b/packages/tonal/test/tonal.test.mjs
index 0db68404..7c32989a 100644
--- a/packages/tonal/test/tonal.test.mjs
+++ b/packages/tonal/test/tonal.test.mjs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under th
 import '../tonal.mjs'; // need to import this to add prototypes
 import { pure, controls, seq } from '@strudel.cycles/core';
 import { describe, it, expect } from 'vitest';
+import { mini } from '../../mini/mini.mjs';
 const { n } = controls;
 
 describe('tonal', () => {
@@ -37,4 +38,11 @@ describe('tonal', () => {
         .firstCycleValues.map((h) => h.note),
     ).toEqual(['C3', 'D3', 'E3']);
   });
+  it('scale with mininotation colon', () => {
+    expect(
+      n(0, 1, 2)
+        .scale(mini('C:major'))
+        .firstCycleValues.map((h) => h.note),
+    ).toEqual(['C3', 'D3', 'E3']);
+  });
 });
diff --git a/packages/tonal/tonal.mjs b/packages/tonal/tonal.mjs
index 9a6c16bb..854fd1b6 100644
--- a/packages/tonal/tonal.mjs
+++ b/packages/tonal/tonal.mjs
@@ -123,29 +123,36 @@ export const scaleTranspose = register('scaleTranspose', function (offset /* : n
 /**
  * Turns numbers into notes in the scale (zero indexed). Also sets scale for other scale operations, like {@link Pattern#scaleTranspose}.
  *
- * A scale consists of a root note (e.g. `c4`, `c`, `f#`, `bb4`) followed by a [scale type](https://github.com/tonaljs/tonal/blob/main/packages/scale-type/data.ts).
+ * A scale consists of a root note (e.g. `c4`, `c`, `f#`, `bb4`) followed by semicolon (':') and then a [scale type](https://github.com/tonaljs/tonal/blob/main/packages/scale-type/data.ts).
+ *
  * The root note defaults to octave 3, if no octave number is given.
- * Note that you currently cannot pattern `scale` with the mini notation, because the scale name includes a space.
- * This will be improved in the future. Until then, use a sequence function like `cat` or `seq`.
  *
  * @memberof Pattern
  * @name scale
  * @param {string} scale Name of scale
  * @returns Pattern
  * @example
- * "0 2 4 6 4 2".scale('C2 major').note()
+ * "0 2 4 6 4 2".scale("C2:major").note()
  * @example
  * "0 2 4 6 4 2"
- * .scale(seq('C2 major', 'C2 minor').slow(2))
+ * .scale("C2:<major minor>")
  * .note()
+ * @example
+ * "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7".rev().scale("C2:<major minor>").note()
+ * .s("folkharp")
  */
 
-export const scale = register('scale', function (scale /* : string */, pat) {
+export const scale = register('scale', function (scale, pat) {
+  // Supports ':' list syntax in mininotation
+  if (Array.isArray(scale)) {
+    scale = scale.join(' ');
+  }
   return pat.withHap((hap) => {
     const isObject = typeof hap.value === 'object';
     let note = isObject ? hap.value.n : hap.value;
     const asNumber = Number(note);
     if (!isNaN(asNumber)) {
+      // TODO: worth keeping for supporting ':' in (non-mininotation) strings?
       scale = scale.replaceAll(':', ' ');
       let [tonic, scaleName] = Scale.tokenize(scale);
       const { pc, oct = 3 } = Note.get(tonic);
diff --git a/packages/webaudio/webaudio.mjs b/packages/webaudio/webaudio.mjs
index 1f4e3375..50436d09 100644
--- a/packages/webaudio/webaudio.mjs
+++ b/packages/webaudio/webaudio.mjs
@@ -97,17 +97,6 @@ const getSoundfontKey = (s) => {
   return;
 };
 
-const splitSN = (s, n) => {
-  if (!s.includes(':')) {
-    return [s, n];
-  }
-  let [s2, n2] = s.split(':');
-  if (isNaN(Number(n2))) {
-    return [s, n];
-  }
-  return [s2, n2];
-};
-
 let workletsLoading;
 function loadWorklets() {
   if (workletsLoading) {
@@ -243,12 +232,6 @@ export const webaudioOutput = async (hap, deadline, hapDuration, cps) => {
   if (bank && s) {
     s = `${bank}_${s}`;
   }
-  if (typeof s === 'string') {
-    [s, n] = splitSN(s, n);
-  }
-  if (typeof note === 'string') {
-    [note, n] = splitSN(note, n);
-  }
   if (!s || ['sine', 'square', 'triangle', 'sawtooth'].includes(s)) {
     // destructure adsr here, because the default should be different for synths and samples
     const { attack = 0.001, decay = 0.05, sustain = 0.6, release = 0.01 } = hap.value;
diff --git a/test/__snapshots__/examples.test.mjs.snap b/test/__snapshots__/examples.test.mjs.snap
index 6bd9e7f0..e72fd284 100644
--- a/test/__snapshots__/examples.test.mjs.snap
+++ b/test/__snapshots__/examples.test.mjs.snap
@@ -1399,6 +1399,19 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "delay" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "delay" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.25 delayfeedback:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.125 delayfeedback:0.7 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 3/2 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.25 delayfeedback:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 2/1 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.125 delayfeedback:0.7 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 5/2 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.25 delayfeedback:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 3/1 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.125 delayfeedback:0.7 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 7/2 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.25 delayfeedback:0.9 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 4/1 | s:bd delay:0.65 delaytime:0.125 delayfeedback:0.7 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "delayfeedback" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 2/1 | s:bd delay:0.25 delayfeedback:0.25 ]",
@@ -1923,6 +1936,35 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "hpf" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "hpf" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:sd hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 3/2 | s:bd hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 2/1 | s:sd hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 7/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 5/2 | s:bd hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 3/1 | s:sd hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 7/2 | s:bd hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 4/1 | s:sd hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 15/4 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | s:hh hcutoff:2000 hresonance:25 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "hpq" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd hcutoff:2000 hresonance:0 ]",
@@ -1955,19 +1997,19 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "hpq" example index 0 1`] = `
 exports[`runs examples > example "hurry" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 3/4 | s:bd speed:1 ]",
-  "[ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | s:sd:2 speed:1 ]",
-  "[ 3/4 ⇜ (1/1 → 3/2) | s:sd:2 speed:1 ]",
+  "[ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | s:sd n:2 speed:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 ⇜ (1/1 → 3/2) | s:sd n:2 speed:1 ]",
   "[ 3/2 → 15/8 | s:bd speed:2 ]",
-  "[ (15/8 → 2/1) ⇝ 9/4 | s:sd:2 speed:2 ]",
-  "[ 15/8 ⇜ (2/1 → 9/4) | s:sd:2 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ (15/8 → 2/1) ⇝ 9/4 | s:sd n:2 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 ⇜ (2/1 → 9/4) | s:sd n:2 speed:2 ]",
   "[ 9/4 → 21/8 | s:bd speed:2 ]",
-  "[ 21/8 → 3/1 | s:sd:2 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 3/1 | s:sd n:2 speed:2 ]",
   "[ 3/1 → 51/16 | s:bd speed:4 ]",
-  "[ 51/16 → 27/8 | s:sd:2 speed:4 ]",
+  "[ 51/16 → 27/8 | s:sd n:2 speed:4 ]",
   "[ 27/8 → 57/16 | s:bd speed:4 ]",
-  "[ 57/16 → 15/4 | s:sd:2 speed:4 ]",
+  "[ 57/16 → 15/4 | s:sd n:2 speed:4 ]",
   "[ 15/4 → 63/16 | s:bd speed:4 ]",
-  "[ (63/16 → 4/1) ⇝ 33/8 | s:sd:2 speed:4 ]",
+  "[ (63/16 → 4/1) ⇝ 33/8 | s:sd n:2 speed:4 ]",
 ]
 `;
 
@@ -2406,6 +2448,43 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "lpf" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "lpf" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 11/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 7/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 19/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 11/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:0 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 27/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:10 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:20 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | s:bd cutoff:1000 resonance:30 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "lpq" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd cutoff:2000 resonance:0 ]",
@@ -3231,6 +3310,19 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "room" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "room" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd room:0.9 size:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:sd room:0.9 size:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 3/2 | s:bd room:0.9 size:4 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 2/1 | s:sd room:0.9 size:4 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 5/2 | s:bd room:0.9 size:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 3/1 | s:sd room:0.9 size:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 7/2 | s:bd room:0.9 size:4 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 4/1 | s:sd room:0.9 size:4 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "roomsize" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd room:0.8 size:0 ]",
@@ -3304,6 +3396,27 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "s" example index 0 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "s" example index 1 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:bd n:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:bd n:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 3/4 | s:bd n:0 gain:0.3 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:bd n:1 gain:1.4 ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 5/4 | s:bd n:0 ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 3/2 | s:bd n:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 7/4 | s:bd n:0 gain:0.3 ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 2/1 | s:bd n:1 gain:1.4 ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 9/4 | s:bd n:0 ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 5/2 | s:bd n:1 ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 11/4 | s:bd n:0 gain:0.3 ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 3/1 | s:bd n:1 gain:1.4 ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 13/4 | s:bd n:0 ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 7/2 | s:bd n:1 ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 15/4 | s:bd n:0 gain:0.3 ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 4/1 | s:bd n:1 gain:1.4 ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "samples" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:bd ]",
@@ -3454,6 +3567,43 @@ exports[`runs examples > example "scale" example index 1 1`] = `
 ]
 `;
 
+exports[`runs examples > example "scale" example index 2 1`] = `
+[
+  "[ 7/8 → 1/1 | note:C2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | note:D2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | note:E2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | note:F2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | note:G2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | note:A2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | note:B2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | note:C3 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 15/8 → 2/1 | note:C2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 7/4 → 15/8 | note:D2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 13/8 → 7/4 | note:Eb2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 3/2 → 13/8 | note:F2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 11/8 → 3/2 | note:G2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 5/4 → 11/8 | note:Ab2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 9/8 → 5/4 | note:Bb2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 1/1 → 9/8 | note:C3 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 23/8 → 3/1 | note:C2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 11/4 → 23/8 | note:D2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 21/8 → 11/4 | note:E2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 5/2 → 21/8 | note:F2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 19/8 → 5/2 | note:G2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 9/4 → 19/8 | note:A2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 17/8 → 9/4 | note:B2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 2/1 → 17/8 | note:C3 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 31/8 → 4/1 | note:C2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 15/4 → 31/8 | note:D2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 29/8 → 15/4 | note:Eb2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 7/2 → 29/8 | note:F2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 27/8 → 7/2 | note:G2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 13/4 → 27/8 | note:Ab2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 25/8 → 13/4 | note:Bb2 s:folkharp ]",
+  "[ 3/1 → 25/8 | note:C3 s:folkharp ]",
+]
+`;
+
 exports[`runs examples > example "scaleTranspose" example index 0 1`] = `
 [
   "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | note:C3 ]",
diff --git a/test/__snapshots__/tunes.test.mjs.snap b/test/__snapshots__/tunes.test.mjs.snap
index 5a0bb2db..0675938f 100644
--- a/test/__snapshots__/tunes.test.mjs.snap
+++ b/test/__snapshots__/tunes.test.mjs.snap
@@ -298,11 +298,11 @@ exports[`renders tunes > tune: bassFuge 1`] = `
   "[ -3/4 ⇜ (0/1 → 3/4) ⇝ 5/4 | note:C5 s:flbass n:0 gain:0.3 cutoff:2924.3791043233605 resonance:10 clip:1 ]",
   "[ -3/4 ⇜ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | note:A4 s:flbass n:0 gain:0.3 cutoff:2924.3791043233605 resonance:10 clip:1 ]",
   "[ -3/4 ⇜ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | note:C5 s:flbass n:0 gain:0.3 cutoff:2924.3791043233605 resonance:10 clip:1 ]",
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd:1 ]",
-  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:bd:1 ]",
-  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:sd:0 ]",
-  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:hh:0 ]",
-  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:hh:0 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/2 | s:bd n:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:bd n:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:sd n:0 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 1/2 | s:hh n:0 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:hh n:0 ]",
 ]
 `;
 
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ exports[`renders tunes > tune: belldub 1`] = `
   "[ (5/8 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | s:hh room:0 end:0.04483079938329212 ]",
   "[ 0/1 → 5/16 | s:mt gain:0.5 room:0.5 ]",
   "[ (15/16 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | s:lt gain:0.5 room:0.5 ]",
-  "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/1 | s:misc:2 speed:1 delay:0.5 delaytime:0.3333333333333333 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/1 | s:misc n:2 speed:1 delay:0.5 delaytime:0.3333333333333333 gain:0.4 ]",
   "[ (5/8 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | note:F3 s:sawtooth gain:0.5 cutoff:400.16785462816676 decay:0.05380063255866716 sustain:0 delay:0.9 room:1 ]",
   "[ (5/8 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | note:A3 s:sawtooth gain:0.5 cutoff:400.16785462816676 decay:0.05380063255866716 sustain:0 delay:0.9 room:1 ]",
   "[ (5/8 → 1/1) ⇝ 5/4 | note:Bb3 s:sawtooth gain:0.5 cutoff:400.16785462816676 decay:0.05380063255866716 sustain:0 delay:0.9 room:1 ]",
@@ -6974,16 +6974,16 @@ exports[`renders tunes > tune: flatrave 1`] = `
   "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:bd bank:RolandTR909 ]",
   "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:cp bank:RolandTR909 ]",
   "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:sd bank:RolandTR909 ]",
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:hh:1 end:0.02000058072071123 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 0/1 ⇜ (1/8 → 1/4) | s:hh:1 end:0.02000058072071123 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:hh:1 end:0.02000875429921906 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:hh:1 end:0.02000875429921906 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:hh:1 end:0.020023446730265706 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:hh:1 end:0.020086608138500644 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:hh:1 end:0.020086608138500644 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:hh:1 end:0.02013941880355398 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:hh:1 speed:0.5 delay:0.5 end:0.020001936784171157 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
-  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:hh:1 speed:0.5 delay:0.5 end:0.020001936784171157 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:hh n:1 end:0.02000058072071123 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 ⇜ (1/8 → 1/4) | s:hh n:1 end:0.02000058072071123 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:hh n:1 end:0.02000875429921906 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:hh n:1 end:0.02000875429921906 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:hh n:1 end:0.020023446730265706 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:hh n:1 end:0.020086608138500644 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 5/8 → 3/4 | s:hh n:1 end:0.020086608138500644 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:hh n:1 end:0.02013941880355398 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:hh n:1 speed:0.5 delay:0.5 end:0.020001936784171157 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
+  "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | s:hh n:1 speed:0.5 delay:0.5 end:0.020001936784171157 bank:RolandTR909 room:0.5 gain:0.4 ]",
   "[ 1/8 → 1/4 | note:G1 s:sawtooth decay:0.1 sustain:0 ]",
   "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | note:G1 s:sawtooth decay:0.1 sustain:0 ]",
   "[ 1/2 → 5/8 | note:G1 s:sawtooth decay:0.1 sustain:0 ]",
@@ -8127,8 +8127,8 @@ exports[`renders tunes > tune: loungeSponge 1`] = `
 
 exports[`renders tunes > tune: meltingsubmarine 1`] = `
 [
-  "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | s:bd:5 speed:0.7519542165100574 ]",
-  "[ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | s:sd:1 speed:0.7931522866332671 ]",
+  "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | s:bd n:5 speed:0.7519542165100574 ]",
+  "[ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | s:sd n:1 speed:0.7931522866332671 ]",
   "[ 3/8 → 3/4 | s:hh27 speed:0.7285963821098448 ]",
   "[ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 9/8 | s:hh27 speed:0.77531205091027 ]",
   "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 3/2 | note:33.129885541275144 decay:0.15 sustain:0 s:sawtooth gain:0.4 cutoff:3669.6267869262615 ]",
@@ -8364,15 +8364,15 @@ exports[`renders tunes > tune: randomBells 1`] = `
 
 exports[`renders tunes > tune: sampleDemo 1`] = `
 [
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:woodblock:1 ]",
-  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:woodblock:2 ]",
-  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:brakedrum:1 ]",
-  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:brakedrum:1 ]",
-  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:woodblock:2 speed:2 ]",
-  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:snare_rim:0 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/4 | s:woodblock n:1 ]",
+  "[ 1/4 → 3/8 | s:woodblock n:2 ]",
+  "[ 0/1 → 1/8 | s:brakedrum n:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 7/8 | s:brakedrum n:1 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:woodblock n:2 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ 1/2 → 1/1 | s:snare_rim n:0 speed:2 ]",
   "[ (0/1 → 1/1) ⇝ 8/1 | s:gong speed:2 ]",
-  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:brakedrum:1 speed:2 ]",
-  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:cowbell:3 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ 3/8 → 1/2 | s:brakedrum n:1 speed:2 ]",
+  "[ 3/4 → 1/1 | s:cowbell n:3 speed:2 ]",
   "[ -3/4 ⇜ (0/1 → 1/4) | note:Bb3 s:clavisynth gain:0.2 delay:0.25 pan:0 ]",
   "[ (3/4 → 1/1) ⇝ 7/4 | note:Bb3 s:clavisynth gain:0.2 delay:0.25 pan:1 ]",
   "[ -1/4 ⇜ (0/1 → 3/4) | note:F3 s:clavisynth gain:0.2 delay:0.25 pan:1 ]",