diff --git a/packages/core/pattern.mjs b/packages/core/pattern.mjs
index 0e378d78..03ce2e2d 100644
--- a/packages/core/pattern.mjs
+++ b/packages/core/pattern.mjs
@@ -2310,7 +2310,13 @@ export const { iterBack, iterback } = register(
 export const { repeatCycles } = register(
   'repeatCycles',
   function (n, pat) {
-    return slowcat(...Array(n).fill(pat));
+    return new Pattern(function (state) {
+      const cycle = state.span.begin.sam();
+      const source_cycle = cycle.div(n).sam();
+      const delta = cycle.sub(source_cycle);
+      state = state.withSpan((span) => span.withTime((spant) => spant.sub(delta)));
+      return pat.query(state).map((hap) => hap.withSpan((span) => span.withTime((spant) => spant.add(delta))));
+    }).splitQueries();
   },
   true,
   true,
diff --git a/packages/mini/krill-parser.js b/packages/mini/krill-parser.js
index 7762242d..1cdd3486 100644
--- a/packages/mini/krill-parser.js
+++ b/packages/mini/krill-parser.js
@@ -295,7 +295,15 @@ function peg$parse(input, options) {
   var peg$f6 = function(a) { return a };
   var peg$f7 = function(s) { s.arguments_.alignment = 'polymeter_slowcat'; return s; };
   var peg$f8 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['weight'] = (x.options_['weight'] ?? 1) + (a ?? 2) - 1 };
-  var peg$f9 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['reps'] = (x.options_['reps'] ?? 1) + (a ?? 2) - 1 };
+  var peg$f9 = function(a) { return x => {const reps = (x.options_['reps'] ?? 1) + (a ?? 2) - 1;
+                 x.options_['reps'] = reps;
+                 console.log("reps: ", reps)
+                 x.options_['ops'] = x.options_['ops'].filter(x => x.type_ !== "replicate");
+                 x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "replicate", arguments_ :{ amount:reps }});
+                 x.options_['weight'] = reps;
+                 console.log("options: ", x.options_);
+                }
+  };
   var peg$f10 = function(p, s, r) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "bjorklund", arguments_ :{ pulse: p, step:s, rotation:r }}) };
   var peg$f11 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "stretch", arguments_ :{ amount:a, type: 'slow' }}) };
   var peg$f12 = function(a) { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "stretch", arguments_ :{ amount:a, type: 'fast' }}) };
diff --git a/packages/mini/krill.pegjs b/packages/mini/krill.pegjs
index 35d7bdc4..c1349ca5 100644
--- a/packages/mini/krill.pegjs
+++ b/packages/mini/krill.pegjs
@@ -135,7 +135,14 @@ op_weight = ws ("@" / "_") a:number?
   { return x => x.options_['weight'] = (x.options_['weight'] ?? 1) + (a ?? 2) - 1 }
   
 op_replicate = ws "!" a:number?
-  { return x => x.options_['reps'] = (x.options_['reps'] ?? 1) + (a ?? 2) - 1 }
+  { return x => {// A bit fiddly, to support both x!4 and x!!! as equivalent..
+                 const reps = (x.options_['reps'] ?? 1) + (a ?? 2) - 1;
+                 x.options_['reps'] = reps;
+                 x.options_['ops'] = x.options_['ops'].filter(x => x.type_ !== "replicate");
+                 x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "replicate", arguments_ :{ amount:reps }});
+                 x.options_['weight'] = reps;
+                }
+  }
 
 op_bjorklund = "(" ws p:slice_with_ops ws comma ws s:slice_with_ops ws comma? ws r:slice_with_ops? ws ")"
   { return x => x.options_['ops'].push({ type_: "bjorklund", arguments_ :{ pulse: p, step:s, rotation:r }}) }
diff --git a/packages/mini/mini.mjs b/packages/mini/mini.mjs
index 8c893273..8d2276fb 100644
--- a/packages/mini/mini.mjs
+++ b/packages/mini/mini.mjs
@@ -27,6 +27,12 @@ const applyOptions = (parent, enter) => (pat, i) => {
           pat = strudel.reify(pat)[type](enter(amount));
           break;
         }
+        case 'replicate': {
+          const { amount } = op.arguments_;
+          pat = strudel.reify(pat);
+          pat = pat._repeatCycles(amount)._fast(amount);
+          break;
+        }
         case 'bjorklund': {
           if (op.arguments_.rotation) {
             pat = pat.euclidRot(enter(op.arguments_.pulse), enter(op.arguments_.step), enter(op.arguments_.rotation));
@@ -67,26 +73,13 @@ const applyOptions = (parent, enter) => (pat, i) => {
   return pat;
 };
 
-function resolveReplications(ast) {
-  ast.source_ = strudel.flatten(
-    ast.source_.map((child) => {
-      const { reps } = child.options_ || {};
-      if (!reps) {
-        return [child];
-      }
-      delete child.options_.reps;
-      return Array(reps).fill(child);
-    }),
-  );
-}
-
 // expects ast from mini2ast + quoted mini string + optional callback when a node is entered
 export function patternifyAST(ast, code, onEnter, offset = 0) {
   onEnter?.(ast);
   const enter = (node) => patternifyAST(node, code, onEnter, offset);
   switch (ast.type_) {
     case 'pattern': {
-      resolveReplications(ast);
+      // resolveReplications(ast);
       const children = ast.source_.map((child) => enter(child)).map(applyOptions(ast, enter));
       const alignment = ast.arguments_.alignment;
       const with_tactus = children.filter((child) => child.__tactus_source);